Hi EBean,
Google calendar will not allow you to change the color of individual appts or the font that I have been able to find (I do the same thing you do), it will allow you to set up multiple calendars and overlay them and each calendar can be a seperate color, so you can have a calendar for you, one for your wife, kids etc., BUT the draw back is that the sync app for outlook doesn't support mutliple calendars, so you would only be syncing the main/first calendar to outlook.
One nice thing is that the syncing process does NOT remove the colors from outlook, so you could color them in outlook and sync them to your main google calendar, they just wont show up in colors there.