If you are still having issues, read this post ALL the way through. By the end of it if you are still having issues, I recommend an iPhone.
Background: When you open up your photo gallery, it looks for any available pictures. Phone, ext sd card, networked computers, etc. The folder that says instant upload is part of Google+, not your phone. That is why you cannot delete them from your phone. It is set up as an automatic backup feature for pictures and video.
Here is how you turn off the sync feature if you do not want it to sync your photos.
Go to settings> accounts and sync. At the top of the page, there is an on/off toggle. Turn it on. Select your Google account. Now you should see everything with check marks beside them. Uncheck what you do not want to sync with Google+. To prevent the auto upload, uncheck "sybc instant upload"then turn the sync toggle back off. You can turn the feature back on in the same manner.
Deleting pictures in the instant upload folder.
You cannot do that from the gallery. You have to open up Google+, an app on your phone. You can also go to Google+ on your computer. In the upper left hand corner you will see a red G+. Touch that. A menu will open up, select my photos. In there, you will see another folder that says instant upload. Select that. All of the pesky photos that you want to get rid of are there, waiting to be deleted. You can do it one at a time by long pressing the photo and bringing up the menu or you can press the options button (lower left corner) then select "select items." Now you can select all the photos you want to delete, then press the option button in the upper right corner. It looks like three vertical dots. Then select delete. That is it. Photos are gone.
Any questions, come on back here or send me a pm.